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GENERIC NAME: Eperisone
BRAND NAME: Myonal
Eperisone is an antispasmodic drug. Eperisone acts by relaxing both skeletal muscles and vascular smooth muscles, and demonstrates a variety of effects such as reduction of myotonia, improvement of circulation, and suppression of the pain reflex. Eperisone also improves dizziness and tinnitus associated with cerebrovascular disorders or cervical spondylosis.
Presentation: Eperisone hydrochloride is available as the brand name preparation Myonal as 50 mg enteric coated tablets. An experimental form of the drug, as a transdermal patch system, has shown promising results in laboratory tests on rodents; however, this product is not currently available for human use.
Indications: Spastic paralysis in conditions such as cerebrovascular disease, spastic spinal paralysis, cervical spondylosis, post-operative sequelae (including cerebrospinal tumour), sequelae to trauma (eg. spinal trauma, head injury), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, cerebral palsy, spinocerebellar degeneration, spinal vascular diseases and other encephalomyelopathies; improvement of muscular hypertonic ymptoms in conditions such as cervical syndrome, periarthritis of the shoulder, lumbago.
Dosage and administration: In adults, the usual dose of eperisone is 50-150 mg per day, in divided doses after meals. However, the dosage is adjusted by the prescribing clinician depending on factors such as severity of symptoms, patient age and response.
Eperisone has not been established as definitely safe for paediatric use, therefore its use in paediatrics cannot be recommended without further study.
If elderly patients are treated with eperisone, it is recommended that a reduced dose is used, and the patient closely monitored for signs of psychological hypofunction during treatment.
Safety during pregnancy and breast-feeding: Eperisone has not been established to be safe for use by pregnant women; therefore the drug should only be used in pregnant women, or women who may be pregnant, if the expected therapeutic benefits will outweigh the possible risks associated with treatment. The manufacturers of Myonal recommend that the drug is not used during lactation (breast-feeding). If eperisone must be used, it is recommended that the patient stops breast-feeding for the duration of treatment. (It has been reported that Eperisone is excreted in breast milk in an animal study (in rats).
Drug interactions: There have been reports of disturbances in ocular accommodation occuring after the concomitant use of tolperisone hydrochloride and methocarbamol.
Side effects: Shock and Anaphylactoid reactions: In the event of symptoms such as redness, itching, urticaria, oedema of the face and other parts of the body, dyspnoea etc, treatment should be discontinued and appropriate measues taken. Oculo-muco-cutaneous syndrome (Stevens Johnson Syndrome) and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: Serious dermatopathy such as oculo-muco-cutaneous syndrome (Stevens-Johnson syndrome) or toxic epidermal necrolysis may occur. Patients should be carefully observed, treatment discontinued and appropriate measures taken, in the event of symptoms such as fever, erythema, blistering, itching, ocular congestion or stomatitis, etc.
Other side effects: anaemia, rash, pruritus, sleepiness, insomnia, headache, nausea ang vomiting, anorexia, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, constipation, urinary retention or incontinence.
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